In 2015, Rufo began work on a film for PBS that traced the experience of poverty in three American cities, and in the course of filming Rufo became convinced that poverty was not something that could be alleviated with a policy lever but was deeply embedded in “social, familial, even psychological” dynamics, and his politics became more explicitly conservative. Raised by Italian immigrants in Sacramento and educated at Georgetown, Rufo had spent his twenties and early thirties working as a documentary filmmaker, largely overseas, making touristic projects such as “Roughing It: Mongolia,” and “Diamond in the Dunes,” about a joint Uyghur-Han baseball team in the Chinese province of Xinjiang. Rufo, thirty-six, was at once an unconventional and a savvy choice for the leaker to select. Rufo, who read it and recognized a political opportunity. But some less obviously tectonic leaks have had a more direct political effect, as was the case in July, 2020, when an employee of the city of Seattle documented an anti-bias training session and sent the evidence to a journalist named Christopher F. Institutions that had previously seemed impenetrable have been pried open: Amazon, the I.R.S., the U.S. Zoom allowed you to record and take screenshots, and if you were worried that such actions could be traced you could use your cell phone, or your spouse’s cell phone, or your friend’s. Before the pandemic, if you thought that an anti-racism seminar at your workplace had gone awry, you had to be both brave and sneaky to record it. Holding a large meeting on Zoom often required e-mailing supporting notes and materials-more documents to leak. Instructions that once might have been given in conversation now often had to be written down and beamed from one home office to another. Graham died in 1980, six months after selling her corporation for $47.5 million.Remote work turned out to be advantageous for people looking to leak information to reporters. She set up two foundations to help women find new ways to earn a living. The company spent $1 million a year on advertising, alone.īette Nesmith Graham believed money to be a tool, not a solution to a problem. In 1976, the Liquid Paper Corporation turned out 25 million bottles. The plant had equipment that could produce 500 bottles a minute. ft., international headquarters building in Dallas. In 1975, Liquid Paper moved into a 35,000-sq. That year Bette Nesmith Graham sold one million bottles. In 1968, she moved into her own plant and corporate headquarters, automated operations, and had 19 employees. She now had time to devote to selling Liquid Paper, and business boomed.īette Nesmith Graham and Liquid Paper's Successīy 1967, it had grown into a million dollar business. Graham made a mistake at work that she couldn?t correct, and her boss fired her. Nevertheless, she made little money despite working nights and weekends to fill orders. Graham?s son, Michael Nesmith (later of The Monkees fame), and his friends filled bottles for her customers. She turned her kitchen into a laboratory, mixing up an improved product with her electric mixer. In 1956, Bette Nesmith Graham started the Mistake Out Company (later renamed Liquid Paper) from her North Dallas home. Soon all the secretaries in the building were asking for some, too.īette Nesmith Graham - The Mistake Out Company Graham found a green bottle at home, wrote "Mistake Out" on a label, and gave it to her friend. Soon another secretary saw the new invention and asked for some of the correcting fluid. She used this to correct her typing mistakes? her boss never noticed. She remembered that artists painted over their mistakes on canvas, so why couldn?t typists paint over their mistakes?īette Nesmith Graham put some tempera waterbased paint, colored to match the stationery she used, in a bottle and took her watercolor brush to the office. An efficient employee who took pride in her work, Graham sought a better way to correct typing errors. She learned shorthand and typing and found employment as an executive secretary. However, shortly after World War II ended, she found herself divorced with a small child to support. She was also the mother of musician and producer Michael Nesmith of The Monkees.īette Nesmith Graham never intended to be an inventor she wanted to be an artist. Bette Clair Graham (1924 – 1980) was an American typist, commercial artist, and the inventor of white out.
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